![]() Their definition of who had been a scientist also expanded to include women who previously had been dismissed as mere illustrators, popularizers, visionaries, patronesses, translators, collectors, helpmates, home economists, and others. But from the 1970s onward, as the women’s movement in the United States progressed, scholars began to explore women’s history and as they did found more and more women scientists. Somehow there was never enough room to include more than a small number, as was the case in encyclopedias of the 1960s (as the McGraw-Hill Modern Men of Science) and even the Dictionary of Scientific Biography (1970–80), whose sixteen volumes included just twenty-five women. Accordingly, coverage of, or space devoted to, women in major biographical works on scientists was mirdmal, and it was difficult to find out any-thing about them. Then it was admitted that there had been a few outstanding women scientists-the German chemist Lise Meitner, and the Americans Barbara McClintock, Rachel Carson, and Margaret Mead-but they were dismissed as “exceptions” to the general rule that there had been none of consequence. Q141.B5285 2000 509′ 2′2–dc21 99–17668 CIPĬONTENTS VOLUME 1 Foreword Acknowledgments IntroductionįOREWORD It used to be said that there had never been any women scientists-even Marie Curie with her two Nobel Prizes had been a drudge who merely stirred the pitchblende for her husband’s discovery of radium. ISBN 9-0 (OEB Format) ISBN 8-8 (Print Edition) (set: alk. Includes bibliographical references and index. Marilyn Ogilvie and Joy Harvey, editors, p. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The biographical dictionary of women in science: pioneering lives from ancient times to the mid20th century. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. “ To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to Published in Great Britain by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane London, EC4P 4EE Copyright © 2000 by Marilyn Ogilvie All rights reserved. Published in 2000 by Routledge 29 West 35th Street NewYork, NY 10001 This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2006. We dedicate these volumes to the memory of Kerry Meek Whitney, who was an enthusiastic supporter and contributor to this work. MARILYN OGILVIE AND JOY HARVEY, EDITORS Volume 1 A-K The BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY of WOMEN in SCIENCE Pioneering Lives from Ancient Times to the Mid-20th Century The BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY of WOMEN in SCIENCE ![]()
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